Search results for "Register data"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
The validity of heart failure diagnoses in the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register.
2019
Background: Contemporary validation studies of register-based heart failure diagnoses based on current guidelines and complete clinical data are lacking in Finland and internationally. Our objective was to assess the positive and negative predictive values of heart failure diagnoses in a nationwide hospital discharge register. Methods: Using Finnish Hospital Discharge Register data from 2013–2015, we obtained the medical records for 120 patients with a register-based diagnosis for heart failure (cases) and for 120 patients with a predisposing condition for heart failure, but without a heart failure diagnosis (controls). The medical records of all patients were assessed by a physician who c…
A Register Study Suggesting Homotypic and Heterotypic Comorbidity Among Individuals With Learning Disabilities
2023
The present study examined whether learning disabilities (LD) in reading and/or math (i.e., reading disability [RD], math disability [MD], and RD+MD) co-occur with other diagnoses. The data comprised a clinical sample (n= 430) with LD identified in childhood and a sample of matched controls (n= 2,140). Their medical diagnoses (according to the International Classification of Diseases nosology) until adulthood (20–39 years) were analyzed. The co-occurrence of LD with neurodevelopmental disorders was considered a homotypic comorbidity, and co-occurrence with disorders or diseases from the other diagnostic categories (i.e., mental and behavioral disorders, diseases of the nervous system, injur…
Fasting During Pregnancy and Children's Academic Performance
2011
Conventionally studied educational interventions tend to be costly and may be subject to “fade out”. In contrast, experiences during the prenatal period can have large and persistent effects on academic performance, even when quite brief. In this paper, we consider a relatively mild and commonly-experienced prenatal exposure – that occasioned by daytime fasting during the lunar month of Ramadan. In register data from England, we find that test scores at age seven are approximately .05 to .08 standard deviations lower for Pakistani and Bangladeshi students exposed to Ramadan in early pregnancy. We argue these “intent to treat” estimates are downward biased relative to fasting’s effect due to…
IPR gender gaps: a first look at utility model, design right and trademark filings
2018
This study extends the analysis of the gender gap in patenting into design rights, utility model (UMs) and trademarks (TMs), which are complementary methods for protecting intellectual property. The analysis is descriptive and uses register data from the Finnish patent and registration office covering the years 1982–2013. A persistent gender gap is found for all intellectual property rights. The gap has narrowed over time for national patent, design right and TM filings but not for UM filings. It is found that, in comparison to men, women are relatively less often single inventors or designers and more often members of inventor or designer teams. peerReviewed
Location, education and enterprise growth
2013
There is a long-standing tradition of attributing the growth of enterprises to unique capabilities expressed through entrepreneurial activities. These are contingent on their exposure to information that signals opportunities, access to external resources that enable capabilities to be built and the existence of prior related knowledge and routines within the firm. This article uses the Norwegian employer–employee register data to investigate whether the likelihood of achieving high growth as defined by the OECD is contingent on the location of the firm, the educational background of its employees and their employment performance prior to the period 2006–2009 for which growth and survival p…
Sanctions and the exit from unemployment in two different benefit schemes
2016
This paper investigates the effect of benefit sanctions on the exit rate from unemployment using a unique set of rich register data on unemployed Finnish individuals. The timing-of-events approach is applied to distinguish between the selection and causal effects of sanctioning. The results imply that the effect of sanctions differs according to the benefits received. Sanctions encourage unemployed individuals receiving flat-rate labour market support (LMS) to find jobs, whereas unemployed individuals receiving earnings-related (UI) allowances to leave the labour force. The encouraging effect of sanctions on active labour market policy programmes is relatively small and statistically signif…
Equal access to the top? Measuring selection into finnish academia
2019
In this article, we draw a parallel between equality of opportunity in educational transitions and equality of opportunity in academic careers. In both cases, many methodological problems can be ameliorated by the use of longitudinal rather than cross-sectional data. We illustrate this point by using Finnish full-population register data to follow the educational and academic careers of the 1964–1966 birth cohorts from birth to the present day. We show how the Finnish professoriate is highly selected both in terms of parental background and in terms of gender. Individuals of different backgrounds differ greatly in the likelihood of completing different educational and academic transitions, …
Comprehensive school reform and labor market outcomes over the lifecycle: Evidence from Finland
2021
This study focused on the labor market effects of the Finnish comprehensive school reform in 1972–1977 over the lifecycle. The reform increased the age at which students are separated into vocational and general tracks from 11 to 16 as well as updated the curriculum to include more general content instead of vocational. Using longitudinal administrative register data and exploiting the gradual implementation of the reform, I found a negative effect on employment in early career and a positive effect later in the lifecycle. Results for labor earnings are more nuanced and sensitive to different model specifications, but a positive effect was found in the late career. After the reform, the tre…
The Italian multiple sclerosis register
2019
The past decade has seen extraordinary increase in worldwide availability of and access to several large multiple sclerosis (MS) databases and registries. MS registries represent powerful tools to provide meaningful information on the burden, natural history, and long-term safety and effectiveness of treatments. Moreover, patients, physicians, industry, and policy makers have an active interest in real-world observational studies based on register data, as they have the potential to answer the questions that are most relevant to daily treatment decision-making. In 2014, the Italian MS Foundation, in collaboration with the Italian MS clinical centers, promoted and funded the creation of the …
Optimal sample allocation conditioned on a small area model, estimator, and auxiliary data
2018
We have studied optimal sample allocation, associated with small area estimation, when the objective is to obtain as accurate estimates as possible, for the population and for the subpopulations, called as areas here. It is a question of a two-level optimization problem. The basic premise is composed of planned areas, stratified sampling, and small overall sample size predetermined by restricted time and budget resources. Low sample sizes are common in market surveys. During this thesis, we have developed new allocation methods, based on a small area model, estimator, and auxiliary data. The final method, the three-term Pareto allocation, is based on the three terms of the mean-squared erro…